药物享乐和运动效应的参数评估：匹莫齐特与苯丙胺。
A parametric evaluation of the hedonic and motoric effects of drugs: pimozide and amphetamine.
作者信息
Heyman G M
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1983 Sep;40(2):113-22. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1983.40-113.
This study uses a curve-fitting approach to evaluate the effects of drugs on reinforced responding in rats. The subjects obtained reinforcement according to a series of five different variable-interval schedules (a five-component multiple schedule). For each rat, pimozide, a neuroleptic, decreased response rate, and the decrease was associated with (1) a decrease in the estimated asymptotic response rate and (2) an increase in the rate of reinforcement necessary for half-asymptotic responding. That is, pimozide decreased the proportion of responding maintained by a given rate of reinforcement. In contrast, intermediate doses of amphetamine increased response rate and increased the proportion of responding maintained by a given rate of reinforcement. It was proposed that the response rate asymptote indexes motor capacity, and the rate of reinforcement necessary for half-asymptotic responding indexes reinforcement efficacy; accordingly, pimozide decreased motor capacity and reinforcement strength and amphetamine increased reinforcement strength.
本研究采用曲线拟合方法来评估药物对大鼠强化反应的影响。实验对象根据一系列五个不同的可变间隔时间表（五成分复合时间表）获得强化。对于每只大鼠，抗精神病药物匹莫齐特降低了反应率，且这种降低与以下两点有关：（1）估计的渐近反应率降低；（2）达到半渐近反应所需的强化率增加。也就是说，匹莫齐特降低了由给定强化率维持的反应比例。相比之下，中等剂量的苯丙胺提高了反应率，并增加了由给定强化率维持的反应比例。有人提出，反应率渐近线代表运动能力，半渐近反应所需的强化率代表强化效果；因此，匹莫齐特降低了运动能力和强化强度，而苯丙胺提高了强化强度。
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