Thompson J R, Schneider S, Ashwal S, Holden B S, Hinshaw D B, Hasso A N
Radiology. 1982 May;143(2):475-9. doi: 10.1148/radiology.143.2.7071350.
A prospective study of 582 pediatric cranial computed tomographic (CT) examinations was made in order to determine the efficacy and safety of two sedation regimens and general anesthesia. Two hundred seventy-nine outpatients were randomly given oral chloral hydrate (80 mg/kg) or an intramuscular preparation composed of atropine, meperidine, promethazine, and secobarbital (AMPS). Three hundred three inpatients were randomly administered chloral hydrate, the AMPS, or endotracheal anesthesia. Intravenous supplementation of the sedation was limited by the protocol to a maximum secobarbital dosage of 2 mg/kg. An additional retrospective analysis was made of 316 scan attempts obtained outside the study during the same period. A failed CT examination was defined as one that could not be completed or one that showed motion artifacts on two or more scan pairs after two scan pair repeats. The failure rate was 15% for the chloral hydrate group and 12% for the AMPS group. No motion artifacts were present on 94% of the completed studies. There was no mortality, but major and minor complications occurred in 3.5% of the randomized group. It was concluded that each of the methods had proved acceptably safe and effective and that measures can be taken to decrease complications and sedation failures further.
为了确定两种镇静方案及全身麻醉的有效性和安全性，对582例儿科头颅计算机断层扫描（CT）检查进行了一项前瞻性研究。279例门诊患者被随机给予口服水合氯醛（80mg/kg）或由阿托品、哌替啶、异丙嗪和司可巴比妥组成的肌肉注射制剂（AMPS）。303例住院患者被随机给予水合氯醛、AMPS或气管内麻醉。根据方案，静脉补充镇静剂时司可巴比妥的最大剂量限制为2mg/kg。同期对研究外获得的316次扫描尝试进行了一项额外的回顾性分析。CT检查失败定义为无法完成的检查或在重复扫描两对后两个或更多扫描对上出现运动伪影的检查。水合氯醛组的失败率为15%，AMPS组为12%。94%的完成检查未出现运动伪影。无死亡病例，但随机分组的患者中有3.5%发生了严重和轻微并发症。得出的结论是，每种方法都已证明具有可接受的安全性和有效性，并且可以采取措施进一步降低并发症和镇静失败的发生率。
