Batuev A S, Vasilevskaia N E, Zharova L T, Nikitina I P
Fiziol Zh SSSR Im I M Sechenova. 1982 Feb;68(2):229-34.
Internal or motivational factors and external or signal factors were assessed to determine their role in motor-food response during conditioning in cats and dogs. Under experimental water-salt dysbalance visceral signalling was shown to be an essential factor involved in a goal-directed response. In addition to dominant motivation, a conditioned food signal seems to be this factor. In search for neurophysiological correlates of food motivation, we studied responses of n. tractus solitaris in rats to adequate chemical stimulation of the tongue receptors and viscerochemoreceptors. 3 groups of neurons were distinguished: those responding to the stimulation of only one receptive zone (taste and viscerochemical neurons) and neurons responding to the stimulation of both receptive areas ("convergence" units). Under salt deprivation, threshold concentrations of salt for responses from n. solitaris decreased and the response from a convergence neuron to viscerochemical stimulation diminished following application of sodium chloride on the tongue receptor.
评估内部或动机因素以及外部或信号因素，以确定它们在猫和狗的条件反射过程中对运动-食物反应的作用。在实验性水盐失衡情况下，内脏信号被证明是参与目标导向反应的一个重要因素。除了占主导地位的动机外，条件性食物信号似乎也是这个因素。为了寻找食物动机的神经生理学相关因素，我们研究了大鼠孤束核神经元对舌感受器和内脏化学感受器的适当化学刺激的反应。区分出了3组神经元：仅对一个感受区的刺激有反应的神经元（味觉和内脏化学神经元）以及对两个感受区的刺激都有反应的神经元（“会聚”单位）。在缺盐情况下，孤束核反应的盐阈值浓度降低，并且在舌感受器上施加氯化钠后，会聚神经元对内脏化学刺激的反应减弱。
