Vaernes R, Ursin H, Darragh A, Lambe R
J Psychosom Res. 1982;26(2):123-31. doi: 10.1016/0022-3999(82)90030-7.
A group of young men volunteering for military service in the United States Navy were studied during an acute stress situation. The subjects (S's)(N = 62) were non-swimmers, and they all had to jump from a 5-foot platform into the deep end of a swimming pool. Before and after the exposure, blood and urine samples were taken for endocrine analysis. The Defense Mechanism Test (DMT), the Coping Operations Preference Enquiry (COPE), Joffe and Nanitch Scales for Defenses (J&N), and a Mood Questionnaire (MQ) were administered. For the endocrine reactions, postsamples, 3 factors emerged: a Cortisol factor, a Testosterone factor, and a Catecholamine factor. There was a significant correlation between the Cortisol factor and defense mechanisms, evaluated both by the DMT and the paper-and-pencil tests. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between high anxiety, and defense mechanisms on the one hand, and physiological responses on the other.
一组在美国海军中志愿服兵役的年轻男子在急性应激情况下接受了研究。受试者（S's）（N = 62）均不会游泳，他们都必须从一个5英尺高的平台跳入游泳池的深水区。在暴露前后，采集血液和尿液样本进行内分泌分析。进行了防御机制测试（DMT）、应对操作偏好询问（COPE）、乔菲和纳尼奇防御量表（J&N）以及情绪问卷（MQ）。对于内分泌反应，在采集的样本中出现了3个因素：一个皮质醇因素、一个睾酮因素和一个儿茶酚胺因素。通过DMT和纸笔测试评估，皮质醇因素与防御机制之间存在显著相关性。此外，一方面高焦虑与防御机制之间，另一方面与生理反应之间存在显著关系。
