Jensen G F, Christiansen C, Boesen J, Hegedüs V, Transbøl I
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Jun(166):75-81.
The incidence of spontaneous postmenopausal fractures and their relationship to menopausal age and bone mass were determined in a representative sample of 70-year-old Danish women. Two hundred and eighty-five women (1.2% of all women in that age group) were examined by case history, by 125I photon absorptiometry in both forearms (BMC), by metacarpal index (CA/TA), and by lateral radiographs of the spine. Twenty-four per cent of the participants had sustained single fractures, and 20% multiple fractures. Nineteen per cent had fractures of the lower forearm, 5% of the proximal humerus, 4% of the hip, and 5% crush fractures of the spine. These comprise Group I fractures, the most definite expressions of osteoporosis. The remaining other long bone fractures (7%) and spinal wedge fractures (18%) comprise Group II fractures. Group I cases were characterized by an earlier onset of the menopause and a definite decrease in bone mass, as judged from BMC and CA/TA, as compared with the nonfracture group. Group II cases did not display this distinction. Of Group I cases, those with multifractures differed from those with single fractures by having a five-year earlier occurrence of first fracture, a further decrease in bone mass, and a slightly raised serum alkaline phosphatase level. Serum calcium and phosphate levels were the same in all groups.
在一组具有代表性的70岁丹麦女性样本中，确定了绝经后自发性骨折的发生率及其与绝经年龄和骨量的关系。通过病史、双侧前臂的125I光子吸收法（骨矿物质含量）、掌骨指数（CA/TA）以及脊柱侧位X线片对285名女性（该年龄组所有女性的1.2%）进行了检查。24%的参与者发生过单发骨折，20%发生过多发骨折。19%发生过前臂远端骨折，5%发生过肱骨近端骨折，4%发生过髋部骨折，5%发生过脊柱压缩性骨折。这些构成了I组骨折，是骨质疏松最明确的表现。其余的其他长骨骨折（7%）和脊柱楔形骨折（18%）构成II组骨折。与未骨折组相比，I组病例的特点是绝经 onset较早，从骨矿物质含量和掌骨指数判断骨量明显减少。II组病例没有表现出这种差异。在I组病例中，多发骨折者与单发骨折者的不同之处在于首次骨折发生时间早五年、骨量进一步减少以及血清碱性磷酸酶水平略有升高。所有组的血清钙和磷水平相同。
