Pickar D, Murphy D L, Cohen R M, Campbell I C, Lipper S
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982 May;39(5):535-40. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1982.04290050023006.
The occurrence of behavioral disturbances during four-week treatment of depressed patients with the nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, phenelzine sulfate (N = 14), the selective MAO-type A inhibitor, clorgyline (N = 12), and the partially selective MAO-type B inhibitor, pargyline hydrochloride (N = 13), was studied. Behavioral disturbances were encountered during treatment with each of the MAO-inhibiting drugs, with an overall incidence of 15% (six of 39 patients). All but one episode met criteria for mania or hypomania. Patients with bipolar illness experienced significantly greater incidences of behavioral disturbances in comparison with patients with unipolar illness (35.3% v 4.5%, respectively). The earliest latency to onset of a behavioral disturbances was 18 days, whereas the mean latencies were 22 to 26 days. Episodes of hypomania were observed after discontinuation of drug treatment in individual patients with unipolar and bipolar illness. Repeated MAO-inhibitor treatment, as part of a crossover study of clorgyline and pargyline, produced an increased severity of behavioral disturbances and a significantly shortened latency to onset.
对14例抑郁症患者使用非选择性单胺氧化酶（MAO）抑制剂硫酸苯乙肼、12例患者使用选择性MAO - A抑制剂氯吉兰、13例患者使用部分选择性MAO - B抑制剂盐酸帕吉林进行为期四周的治疗，并研究了行为障碍的发生情况。在使用每种MAO抑制药物治疗期间均出现了行为障碍，总体发生率为15%（39例患者中有6例）。除1例发作外，所有发作均符合躁狂或轻躁狂的标准。与单相疾病患者相比，双相疾病患者出现行为障碍的发生率显著更高（分别为35.3%和4.5%）。行为障碍发作的最早潜伏期为18天，而平均潜伏期为22至26天。在单相和双相疾病的个别患者停药后观察到轻躁狂发作。作为氯吉兰和帕吉林交叉研究的一部分，重复使用MAO抑制剂治疗会导致行为障碍的严重程度增加，且发作潜伏期显著缩短。
