Keskinen H, Alanko K, Saarinen L
Clin Allergy. 1978 Nov;8(6):569-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1978.tb01511.x.
In Finland occupational asthma caused by protein allergens and reactive chemicals present in the air of work environments is increasing. This communication describes provocative challenge tests and methods for measuring exposure under simulated work conditions. The importance of lung function measurements during non-exposure and placebo periods is stressed. Especially late reactions are difficult to assess because of the great circadian variation in the lung function parameters of asthmatics. For a positive challenge test, a decrease in peak flow values of at least 15% and a clear deviation from normal circadian variation and placebo periods is required. The allergens of vegetable or animal origin primarily affect patients with an atopic constitution. Chemical allergens seem to attack all exposed workers in the same way. The report lists the occupations with risk for asthma and refers to the population at risk; bakers seem to be the group with the most risk. The importance of early diagnosis, removal of the worker from exposure and improvement of the hygienic aspects of the work environment are stressed.
在芬兰，工作环境空气中的蛋白质过敏原和活性化学物质引起的职业性哮喘正在增加。本通讯介绍了激发试验以及在模拟工作条件下测量暴露量的方法。强调了在非暴露期和安慰剂期进行肺功能测量的重要性。由于哮喘患者肺功能参数存在很大的昼夜变化，尤其是迟发反应很难评估。对于激发试验呈阳性，要求峰值流量值至少降低15%，且与正常昼夜变化和安慰剂期有明显偏差。植物或动物源性过敏原主要影响具有特应性体质的患者。化学过敏原似乎以相同方式影响所有接触的工人。报告列出了有哮喘风险的职业，并提及了高危人群；面包师似乎是风险最高的群体。强调了早期诊断、让工人脱离接触以及改善工作环境卫生状况的重要性。
