Durham T W
J Clin Psychol. 1982 Jul;38(3):597-600. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198207)38:3<597::aid-jclp2270380321>3.0.co;2-6.
Administered the Hopelessness Scale to 99 criminal psychiatric inpatients, 118 general psychiatric inpatients, and 197 upper-level college students. Normative data were reported for each group. Both of the psychiatric groups endorsed significantly more items in the hopeless direction than did the college student sample. The scale was found to be more reliable with the psychiatric patients than with the college students. The difference in reliability may reflect the restriction of range of hopelessness scores among college students. An item analysis of the Hopelessness Scale for each of the three groups was presented. These data suggest that three items (4, 5, 13) were not measuring hopelessness as reflected in the other items. Suggestions for further research with the Hopelessness Scale to clarify the components of hopelessness in nonpsychiatric populations were presented.
对99名刑事精神病住院患者、118名普通精神病住院患者和197名高年级大学生进行了绝望感量表测试。报告了每组的常模数据。两个精神病组在绝望方向上认可的项目明显多于大学生样本。结果发现，该量表在精神病患者中比在大学生中更可靠。可靠性的差异可能反映了大学生绝望感得分范围的限制。给出了针对三组中每组的绝望感量表的项目分析。这些数据表明，有三个项目（4、5、13）所测量的并非如其他项目所反映的绝望感。提出了关于进一步使用绝望感量表进行研究以阐明非精神病群体中绝望感组成部分的建议。
