[Prevention and treatment of amblyopia in children under two years of age (author's transl)].

Numerous observations in children under two years of age tend to demonstrate that the functional amblyopia of esotropia is not congenital in origin, but develops progressively between the ages of 3 months and 2 years. The initial motor disorder is an abduction deficiency. When this is symmetrical there is no amblyopia, but there is a greater risk for the deviated eye to become amblyopic when the deficiency is, or becomes, asymmetrical. Preventive treatment of the amblyopia involves the wearing of symmetrical nasal sectors, with associated partial occlusion in established cases, duration of which depends upon the child's age. Marked amblyopia with nasal fixation requires the use of a nasal sector placed in front of the amblyopic eye (associated with occlusion of the normal eye).