Lacey L A, Escaffre H, Philippon B, Sékétéli A, Guillet P
Tropenmed Parasitol. 1982 Jun;33(2):97-101.
Complete mortality of Simulium damnosum Theobald s.l. larvae was obtained along a 19 km stretch of the Marahoué River including and downstream of the Danangoro rapids complex in the Bandama Basin of Ivory Coast after treatment with 1.5 ppm/10 min of the Sandoz 402-1-WDC formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner serotype H-14. Partial control was observed for an additional 15 km. The level of control was especially encouraging considering the low concentration (.8%) of active ingredient in the Sandoz formulation. Additionally, the treated population has demonstrated resistance to temephos (Abate), the larvicide currently utilized in the Onchocerciasis Control Programme. Other species of Simulium were somewhat less affected by the treatment; living larvae were found 4 km downstream of the treatment point. Reinvasion of the Danangoro complex, ostensibly by drifting larvae of Simulium spp., was detected the day after treatment. Non-target organisms, including Ephemeroptera and Chironomid midges, were observed before and after treatment and were apparently not affected. In a second test, 0.8 ppm/10 min of the Sandoz formulation was tested, 0.8 pm/10 min of the Sandoz formulation was tested against S. damnosum s.l. and three other Simulium species in the N'Zi River in Ivory coast utilizing a gutter bioassay apparatus. Six hours after treatment 91% of the S. damnosum s.l. larvae had died. The other species responded with 91--100% mortality.
在用1.5 ppm/10分钟的苏云金芽孢杆菌Berliner血清型H-14的山道士402-1-WDC制剂处理后，在科特迪瓦里班达马盆地达拉诺戈急流复合体及其下游19公里长的马拉胡埃河河段，恶蚋幼虫全部死亡。在另外15公里处观察到部分控制效果。考虑到山道士制剂中活性成分的浓度较低（0.8%），这种控制水平尤其令人鼓舞。此外，受处理的种群已表现出对特灭磷（杀螟松）的抗性，特灭磷是目前盘尾丝虫病控制计划中使用的杀幼虫剂。其他种类的蚋受处理的影响较小；在处理点下游4公里处发现了存活的幼虫。处理后第二天检测到达拉诺戈复合体表面上被蚋属幼虫再次侵袭。在处理前后观察到包括蜉蝣目和摇蚊在内的非目标生物，它们显然未受影响。在第二项试验中，使用水槽生物测定装置，在科特迪瓦里的恩齐河中，用0.8 ppm/10分钟的山道士制剂对恶蚋及其他三种蚋进行了测试。处理6小时后，91%的恶蚋幼虫死亡。其他种类的死亡率为91% - 100%。
