Mayer D L, Fulton A B, Hansen R M
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1982 Oct;23(4):538-43.
Visual acuity of infants and young children with ophthalmologic disorders was assessed by adapting a transformed up-down staircase to preferential looking (PL) procedures. Eighty-five percent of pediatric patients between 11 days and 5 years of age were tested successfully. Acuity of infants and young children with normal eyes obtained by the PL staircase procedure agreed well with acuities obtained previously by the method of constant stimuli. In children with anisometropia, differences in acuity between eyes varied systematically with the amount of anisometropia. Monocular acuities of untreated patients with strabismus did not always agree with fixation preference. In general, test results from pediatric patients with structural ocular abnormalities were consistent with the severity of the disorder. By means of serial measurement of PL acuity, the therapy of patients with amblyopia was monitored. In our young patients, anisometropic amblyopia affected grating acuity differently than did strabismic amblyopia, as others have reported in older patients with these conditions. Our results indicate that the PL staircase procedure provides a useful measure of visual acuity in pediatric ocular disorders that can complement the clinical evaluation of infants and young children.
通过将一种经过改进的上下阶梯法应用于优先注视（PL）程序，对患有眼科疾病的婴幼儿视力进行了评估。11日龄至5岁的儿科患者中有85%测试成功。通过PL阶梯程序获得的正常眼睛婴幼儿的视力与之前通过恒定刺激法获得的视力高度一致。在屈光参差患儿中，双眼视力差异随屈光参差程度而系统性变化。未经治疗的斜视患者的单眼视力并不总是与注视偏好一致。一般来说，患有眼部结构异常的儿科患者的测试结果与疾病严重程度相符。通过对PL视力进行系列测量，对弱视患者的治疗进行了监测。正如其他研究在患有这些病症的年长患者中所报道的那样，在我们的年轻患者中，屈光参差性弱视对光栅视力的影响与斜视性弱视不同。我们的结果表明，PL阶梯程序为儿科眼部疾病的视力提供了一种有用的测量方法，可补充对婴幼儿的临床评估。
