Leichter J, Lee M
Life Sci. 1982 Jul 19;31(3):221-7. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(82)90581-1.
Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a complete liquid diet containing either 5.5% ethanol (mean daily intake of about 9g of ethanol per kg body weight) or an isocaloric amount of dextrose (control group), with additional water available ad libitum. The diets were fed for four weeks prior to and throughout pregnancy. On day 20 of gestation cardiac output and blood flow to the the placenta, heart, kidneys and uterus were measured and plasma osmolality and muscle dry weight were determined. No significant differences were seen between alcohol and control groups with respect to litter size, fetal weight, maternal cardiac output, blood flow to the placenta or other organs, plasma osmolality, or muscle dry weight. This contrasts with previous experiments in which a similar quantity of alcohol (as % calories) was offered in drinking water (equivalent to a mean daily ethanol intake of 10g/kg body weight). Under those conditions fetal weight was reduced, blood flow to the placenta was reduced, and plasma osmolality and muscle dry weight were increased, indicating a moderate degree of dehydration. It is concluded that the effect of ethanol ingestion is influenced by the mode of administration of the ethanol. Dehydration may be a confounding factor in studies of animal models of fetal alcohol syndrome, although it is not possible to rule out a differential metabolic response to alcohol, depending on the mode of administration.
将雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠分为两组，一组喂食含5.5%乙醇的完全液体饮食（平均每日每千克体重摄入约9克乙醇），另一组喂食等热量的葡萄糖（对照组），两组大鼠均可随意饮用额外的水。在怀孕前四周及整个孕期持续喂食这些饮食。在妊娠第20天，测量心输出量以及流向胎盘、心脏、肾脏和子宫的血流量，并测定血浆渗透压和肌肉干重。在窝仔数、胎儿体重、母体心输出量、流向胎盘或其他器官的血流量、血浆渗透压或肌肉干重方面，酒精组和对照组之间未观察到显著差异。这与之前的实验形成对比，在之前的实验中，饮用水中提供了相同量的酒精（以热量百分比计）（相当于平均每日乙醇摄入量为10克/千克体重）。在那些条件下，胎儿体重减轻，流向胎盘的血流量减少，血浆渗透压和肌肉干重增加，表明有中度脱水。得出的结论是，乙醇摄入的影响受乙醇给药方式的影响。脱水可能是胎儿酒精综合征动物模型研究中的一个混杂因素，尽管根据给药方式，无法排除对酒精的不同代谢反应。
