Eguchi Y, Yamamoto M, Arishima K, Shirai M, Wakabayashi K, Leichter J, Lee M
Department of Anatomy II, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
Biol Neonate. 1989;56(3):158-64. doi: 10.1159/000243117.
To investigate the placental enlargement which accompanies maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy, Sprague-Dawley rats were given 20% ethanol for 4 weeks prior to mating and 30% ethanol throughout gestation. Pair-fed controls received an isocaloric amount of corn starch and chow, with water ad libitum, and ad libitum controls received rat chow and water. On days 17, 18, 19 and 20 of gestation, placentas were removed for histological observation. On days 18-20, the placentas of alcohol-fed rats weighted significantly more than did those of controls, although there was no difference in weight on day 17. Giant cells in the basal zone were significantly increased in number and size in alcohol-fed rats compared to controls. Trophoblastic cells in the basal zone were significantly larger in the alcohol group than in the control groups except on day 17. The maternal blood channels in the labyrinth were wider and more filled with blood corpuscles in the alcohol group than in either control group. It is concluded that the increased weight of the placenta may be largely due to stagnated maternal blood cells in the labyrinthine blood channels and also to the increased number and size of giant cells and the enlarged trophoblastic cells in the basal zone.
为研究孕期母体摄入酒精所伴随的胎盘增大情况，将斯普拉格-道利大鼠在交配前给予20%乙醇，持续4周，整个妊娠期给予30%乙醇。配对喂食的对照组给予等热量的玉米淀粉和食物，自由饮水，自由进食对照组给予大鼠食物和水。在妊娠第17、18、19和20天，取出胎盘进行组织学观察。在第18 - 20天，喂食酒精的大鼠的胎盘重量明显高于对照组，尽管在第17天重量没有差异。与对照组相比，喂食酒精的大鼠基底层的巨细胞数量和大小显著增加。除第17天外，酒精组基底层的滋养层细胞比对照组明显更大。与任一对照组相比，酒精组迷路中的母体血窦更宽，充满血细胞。得出的结论是，胎盘重量增加可能主要是由于迷路血窦中母体血细胞停滞，以及基底层巨细胞数量和大小增加以及滋养层细胞增大所致。
