Gessler M, Spittler H
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1982;5(1-3):293-302. doi: 10.1016/0147-9571(82)90051-0.
Since Sylvatic rabies started in North Rhine-Westphalia in 1953 many epidemics have occurred, only in mid-mountain areas. As a characteristic, epidemics halted, in each case at the limit between big game (in south-east) and small game (in the north-west) hunting areas. The fact that rabies died out when reaching these limits is surprising for, according to the number of foxes killed in small game hunting areas, there was a fox density which usually does not allow the epidemic to stop. Explanation of this phenomenon could be the different hunting methods. Indeed in small game hunting areas 80% of killed foxes are cubs or sub-adults. Which means that most of the growing population is destroyed early enough, in contrast with big game hunting areas where less than half of the killed foxes are cubs or sub-adults. This is why in big game hunting areas, better conditions are found for rabies appearance than in the other type of hunting area. Studying the number of foxes killed, these relations are described for three regions of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is obviously very important in rabies control that, besides other measures, growing foxes are killed in priority.
自1953年北莱茵 - 威斯特法伦州出现森林狂犬病以来,已经发生了多次疫情,且仅发生在中山地区。其特点是,每次疫情都在大型猎物(东南部)和小型猎物(西北部)狩猎区域的界限处停止。狂犬病在达到这些界限时就会消失,这一事实令人惊讶,因为根据小型猎物狩猎区域捕杀狐狸的数量来看,那里的狐狸密度通常不会使疫情停止。对这一现象的解释可能是不同的狩猎方式。实际上,在小型猎物狩猎区域,80%被杀死的狐狸是幼崽或亚成年狐狸。这意味着大多数正在增长的种群被足够早地消灭了,与之形成对比的是,在大型猎物狩猎区域,被杀死的狐狸中不到一半是幼崽或亚成年狐狸。这就是为什么在大型猎物狩猎区域,狂犬病出现的条件比其他类型的狩猎区域更好。通过研究捕杀狐狸的数量,对北莱茵 - 威斯特法伦州的三个地区描述了这些关系。显然,在狂犬病防控中,除其他措施外,优先捕杀正在成长的狐狸非常重要。