Heller T
Am J Community Psychol. 1982 Aug;10(4):471-92. doi: 10.1007/BF00893984.
Research on the effects of involuntary residential relocation on the personal adjustment of individuals is examined. These relocations include institutional transfers, job transfers, and urban renewal projects. The research indicates that although such relocations frequently result in physical and emotional stress reactions, these effects are stronger for some groups and occur only under certain circumstances. The variability in personal reactions to relocation is explained in terms of three types of approaches: the first emphasizes stable individual characteristics; the second, cognitive mediators; and the third, environmental characteristics. The major implication of this review is that relocation be examined from an ecological perspective, which takes into account both the subjective and objective features of the old and new environments.
本文探讨了非自愿居住迁移对个人适应的影响。这些迁移包括机构调动、工作调动和城市更新项目。研究表明，尽管此类迁移常常会引发身体和情绪上的应激反应，但这些影响在某些群体中更为强烈，且仅在特定情况下才会出现。针对迁移的个人反应差异，从三种方法类型进行了解释：第一种强调稳定的个体特征；第二种是认知调节因素；第三种是环境特征。这篇综述的主要启示是，应从生态视角审视迁移，该视角要兼顾新旧环境的主观和客观特征。
