Grandjean P
Am J Ind Med. 1982;3(2):227-36. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700030215.
Fifty years ago, in 1932, skeletal fluorosis was discovered as an occupational disease in cryolite workers in Copenhagen, Denmark. Following the initial reports, new cases were identified in other industries, such as the production of aluminum and superphosphate fertilizer. In light cases of fluorosis, the bone changes are often associated with nonspecific joint and muscle pains, but the disease may be entirely asymptomatic. The fluoride-induced osteosclerosis seems to be reversible, but the long-term significance of fluoride accumulation in the body is not known. Family cases of dental fluorosis have been occurred in long-term residents near fluoride-emitting industries, and in hot areas with high, natural fluoride levels in the drinking water. Skeletal fluorosis has only played a minor role in the discussion concerning fluoridation of drinking water, however. Changing and increasing uses of fluorides have led to a renewed interest in this occupational disease.
五十年前，即1932年，在丹麦哥本哈根的冰晶石工人中发现了骨氟中毒这一职业病。在最初的报告之后，在其他行业也发现了新病例，比如铝和过磷酸钙肥料的生产行业。在轻度氟中毒病例中，骨骼变化常与非特异性关节和肌肉疼痛有关，但该病也可能完全没有症状。氟化物导致的骨硬化似乎是可逆的，但氟化物在体内积累的长期影响尚不清楚。在排放氟化物的工业附近的长期居民以及饮用水中天然氟含量高的炎热地区，出现了家庭性氟斑牙病例。然而，骨氟中毒在关于饮用水氟化的讨论中只起了很小的作用。氟化物用途的不断变化和增加，引发了人们对这种职业病的新关注。
