Brennan H G, Rafaty F M
Arch Otolaryngol. 1982 Nov;108(11):732-4. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1982.00790590054015.
The concept of total facial rejuvenation requires attention to all areas of the face, including the upper third. Recently there has been a resurgence of interest in this area of the aging face. Various clinical conditions may be seen as a single entity or in combination with others, and it is important for the facial aesthetic surgeon to diagnose and treat these conditions. The conditions first observed, diagnosis, and conventional surgical remedies are reviewed in an attempt to clarify the rationale for forehead lift v temple lift v browpexy v upper blepharoplasty. Midforehead glabellaplasty (vertical and longitudinal), browpexy, and rhytidectomy are analyzed in depth, as well as the indications, contraindications, technique, and results.
全面面部年轻化的概念需要关注面部的所有区域，包括上三分之一部分。最近，人们对衰老面部的这一区域重新产生了兴趣。各种临床情况可能单独出现或与其他情况合并出现，对面部美容外科医生来说，诊断和治疗这些情况很重要。本文回顾了最初观察到的情况、诊断方法和传统手术治疗方法，试图阐明额部提升术、颞部提升术、眉固定术和上睑成形术的原理。对额中部眉间整形术（垂直和纵向）、眉固定术和除皱术进行了深入分析，以及其适应证、禁忌证、技术和效果。
