Weiss U, Yoshihira K, Highet R J, White R J, Wei T T
J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1982 Sep;35(9):1194-201. doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.35.1194.
The yellow antibiotic chrysomycin, isolated in crystalline form in 1955, is found to consist of two closely related components, a major one, chrysomycin A, and a minor one, chrysomycin B. They differ only through the replacement of a vinyl group of chrysomycin A by methyl in chrysomycin B. The absorption spectrum of chrysomycin A is identical with that of the antitumor antibiotic toromycin (gilvocarcin V, 2064A), while that of chrysomycin B is similarly identical with the one of gilvocarcin M (2064B). The structures of these antibiotics (toromycin, the glivocarcins, and 2064A and B) have been elucidated recently. Chrysomycins A and B thus contain the same chromophores as gilvocarcins V and M, respectively; comparison of 1H and 13C NMR spectra confirms this identity. The chrysomycins differ from these other antibiotics in the C-glycosidic side-chain, which is a methylpentose in the gilvocarcins, a 3,5-dimethylpentose in the chrysomycins. Structure and relative configuration of the latter are given. The biological activity and possible biosynthesis of the chrysomycins are discussed.
黄色抗生素金霉素于1955年以结晶形式分离出来，发现它由两个密切相关的成分组成，一个主要成分是金霉素A，一个次要成分是金霉素B。它们的区别仅在于金霉素B中一个甲基取代了金霉素A中的乙烯基。金霉素A的吸收光谱与抗肿瘤抗生素托罗霉素（吉尔维卡菌素V，2064A）的吸收光谱相同，而金霉素B的吸收光谱同样与吉尔维卡菌素M（2064B）的吸收光谱相同。这些抗生素（托罗霉素、吉尔维卡菌素以及2064A和B）的结构最近已被阐明。因此，金霉素A和B分别含有与吉尔维卡菌素V和M相同的发色团；1H和13C NMR光谱的比较证实了这种一致性。金霉素与这些其他抗生素在C-糖苷侧链上有所不同，吉尔维卡菌素中的C-糖苷侧链是甲基戊糖，金霉素中的是3,5-二甲基戊糖。给出了后者的结构和相对构型。讨论了金霉素的生物活性和可能的生物合成。
