Cerniglia C E, Freeman J P, Franklin W, Pack L D
Carcinogenesis. 1982;3(11):1255-60. doi: 10.1093/carcin/3.11.1255.
The metabolism of a benzidine-based dye, Direct Black 38, a 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine-based dye, Direct Red 2 and a 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine-based dye, Direct Blue 15 has been studied both in pure cultures of anaerobic bacteria and in bacterial suspensions derived from the intestinal contents of the rat. All of the pure cultures and the rat intestinal bacteria were able to reduce the azo linkages of Direct Black 38, Direct Red 2 and Direct Blue 15 with the subsequent formation of benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, respectively. The metabolites of Direct Black 38, Direct Red 2 and Direct Blue 15 were isolated and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and had similar chromatographic and mass spectral properties with those of authentic standards. Results from this study indicate that in vitro anaerobic incubations of rat intestinal microorganisms were able to reduce and cleave the azo bonds of dyes derived from benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine to form potentially carcinogenic aromatic amines.
对一种基于联苯胺的染料直接黑38、一种基于3,3'-二甲基联苯胺的染料直接红2以及一种基于3,3'-二甲氧基联苯胺的染料直接蓝15的代谢过程，已分别在厌氧细菌的纯培养物以及源自大鼠肠道内容物的细菌悬液中进行了研究。所有的纯培养物以及大鼠肠道细菌都能够还原直接黑38、直接红2和直接蓝15的偶氮键，随后分别形成联苯胺、3,3'-二甲基联苯胺和3,3'-二甲氧基联苯胺。直接黑38、直接红2和直接蓝15的代谢产物通过气相色谱/质谱联用技术进行了分离和鉴定，其色谱和质谱特性与相应的标准品相似。本研究结果表明，大鼠肠道微生物的体外厌氧培养能够还原并裂解源自联苯胺、3,3'-二甲基联苯胺和3,3'-二甲氧基联苯胺的染料的偶氮键，从而形成潜在致癌的芳香胺。
