Robertson R J
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(5):390-6.
The purpose of this review is to examine the evidence that links specific physiological processes with central signals of perceived exertion during dynamic exercise. The physiological processes thought to be associated with a central signals of exertion include heart rate (HR), ventilation (VE), respiratory rate (RR), and oxygen uptake (VO2). Parallel changes in HR and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were not apparent when HR was manipulated experimentally. Heart rate does not appear to be associated with a strong central signal of exertion. Sensations of ventilatory function and discomfort are the only central signals that are consciously monitored. Corresponding changes in VE and RPE were noted when ventilatory drive was altered by hypnosis, induced erythrocythemia, hypoxia, or hyperoxia. Ventilation begins to provide potent sensory signals between 45-70% VO2max. Both the absolute and relative (percent VO2) oxygen uptake have been proposed as central signals. For a fixed VO2, RPE differed when comparisons were made between various experimental conditions. In contrast, RPE did not differ between conditions when expressed as a function of percent of VO2max. The relative VO2 is more likely to be associated with a strong sensory signal. Central signals involving VE and the relative VO2 are proposed to act as an amplifier that potentiates local signals in proportion to the aerobic metabolic demand.
本综述的目的是研究将特定生理过程与动态运动中主观用力感觉的中枢信号联系起来的证据。被认为与用力的中枢信号相关的生理过程包括心率（HR）、通气量（VE）、呼吸频率（RR）和摄氧量（VO2）。当通过实验操纵心率时，心率与主观用力感觉评分（RPE）的平行变化并不明显。心率似乎与强烈的用力中枢信号无关。通气功能和不适的感觉是仅有的可被有意识监测的中枢信号。当通过催眠、诱导性红细胞增多症、低氧或高氧改变通气驱动时，可观察到通气量和主观用力感觉评分的相应变化。通气在摄氧量最大值（VO2max）的45%-70%之间开始提供有效的感觉信号。绝对摄氧量和相对摄氧量（VO2百分比）均被认为是中枢信号。对于固定的摄氧量，在不同实验条件下进行比较时，主观用力感觉评分有所不同。相比之下，当以摄氧量最大值百分比的函数表示时，不同条件下的主观用力感觉评分并无差异。相对摄氧量更有可能与强烈的感觉信号相关。涉及通气量和相对摄氧量的中枢信号被认为起到一种放大器的作用，根据有氧代谢需求按比例增强局部信号。
