Higashiyama A
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1982 Dec;53(5):259-65.
The present study is concerned with the effects of familiar-size cue on the judgments of size and distance for the children of an elementary school. Thirty-two 1 st-, 3rd-, and 6 th-grade children served as subjects. The experiment consisted of repeating alternations of the two steps: A judgmental step in which the subject judged the size and distance of transparencies of familiar objects, and an informational step in which the subject was acquainted visually or haptically with the real sizes of a toy car and a toy dog from which the transparencies were made. The results revealed that: (1) The younger children tended to make judgments resulted from the normal sizes of the familiar objects that they encounter in their daily life, while the older children based their judgments on the size information given by looking on or touching the real toys. (2) Visual size information was superior to haptic size information both in size and distance judgments. (3) Familiar-size cue may be effective in relative rather than absolute size and distance judgments.
本研究关注熟悉大小线索对一所小学儿童大小和距离判断的影响。32名一年级、三年级和六年级的儿童作为被试。实验由两个步骤的重复交替组成：一个判断步骤，被试判断熟悉物体透明图片的大小和距离；一个信息步骤，被试通过视觉或触觉熟悉制作透明图片的玩具汽车和玩具狗的实际大小。结果表明：（1）年幼儿童倾向于根据日常生活中遇到的熟悉物体的正常大小进行判断，而年长儿童则根据观看或触摸真实玩具所获得的大小信息进行判断。（2）在大小和距离判断中，视觉大小信息均优于触觉大小信息。（3）熟悉大小线索可能在相对大小和距离判断中有效，而非绝对大小和距离判断。
