McMichael A J, Dreosti I E, Gibson G T, Hartshorne J M, Buckley R A, Colley D P
Early Hum Dev. 1982 Oct;7(1):59-69. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(82)90008-1.
A prospective study of 878 pregnant women in Adelaide, South Australia, examined the relationship of maternal serum zinc concentration to pregnancy outcome. Blood samples were obtained at weeks 18 and 32 of pregnancy, and from the umbilical cord. Additional detailed data were obtained, via standardised antenatal interview and review of clinical records, on antenatal care, personal, behavioural, and sociodemographic characteristics, and, subsequently, on delivery and neonatal assessment. Maternal mid-pregnancy zinc status was negatively correlated, although very weakly, with duration of gestation and with birthweight (including, in particular, the 18 recorded cases of intrauterine growth retardation). This finding accords with recent suggestions that, in non-experimental human studies in populations in which frank zinc deficiency is absent, maternal serum zinc level may be an outcome, rather than a determinant, of fetal growth later in pregnancy. Low mid-pregnancy zinc levels were associated with increased risk of intrapartum haemorrhage. In general, the greatest risk of having some complication or abnormality of delivery or neonatal functional status occurred in pregnant women who had both an initially below-average, and subsequently decreasing, serum zinc concentration. This corroborates other recent research. While it might be inferred that above-average fetal growth, by depressing maternal zinc status, could itself impair delivery and neonatal functioning, our data indicate that these effects operated independently.
一项针对南澳大利亚阿德莱德878名孕妇的前瞻性研究，考察了母血清锌浓度与妊娠结局之间的关系。在妊娠第18周和第32周以及从脐带采集血样。通过标准化产前访谈和临床记录回顾，获取了关于产前护理、个人、行为和社会人口学特征的其他详细数据，随后还获取了关于分娩和新生儿评估的数据。孕中期母体锌状态与妊娠期和出生体重呈负相关，尽管相关性非常弱（特别是记录的18例宫内生长迟缓病例）。这一发现与最近的观点一致，即在不存在明显锌缺乏的人群中进行的非实验性人体研究中，母血清锌水平可能是妊娠后期胎儿生长的结果而非决定因素。孕中期锌水平低与产时出血风险增加有关。一般来说，分娩或新生儿功能状态出现某种并发症或异常的最大风险发生在血清锌浓度最初低于平均水平且随后下降的孕妇中。这证实了其他近期研究。虽然可以推断胎儿生长高于平均水平会通过降低母体锌状态而本身损害分娩和新生儿功能，但我们的数据表明这些影响是独立起作用的。
