von Wright A, Knuutinen J, Lindroth S, Pellinen M, Widén K G, Seppä E L
Food Chem Toxicol. 1982 Jun;20(3):265-7. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(82)80291-3.
The mutagenic activity of five wild and two cultivated species of edible mushrooms was studied in the Ames Salmonella/microsome test system. The wild mushrooms tested were four species of the genus Lactarius (L. necator, L. torminosus, L. helvus and L. rufus) and bolete (Boletus edulis). The cultivated species were champignon (Agaricus bisporus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). All the mushrooms were mutagenic to tester strains sensitive to base-pair substitution mutagens, and L. necator, L. rufus and B. edulis also had some frameshift activity. Metabolic activation was not required and the mutagenic activity could be detected even in boiled mushroom extracts. After fractionation with organic solvents (ethanol followed by diethyl ether) the activity was recovered in the ether phase as well as the aqueous phase in the case of L. necator, but remained in the aqueous phase of the A. bisporus and Lentinus edodes extracts.
在艾姆斯沙门氏菌/微粒体试验系统中研究了5种野生和2种栽培食用蘑菇的致突变活性。所测试的野生蘑菇有乳菇属的4个物种（致命乳菇、绒白乳菇、赭黄乳菇和红乳菇）以及牛肝菌（美味牛肝菌）。栽培物种为蘑菇（双孢蘑菇）和香菇（香菇）。所有蘑菇对碱基对取代诱变剂敏感的测试菌株均有致突变性，并且致命乳菇、红乳菇和美味牛肝菌还具有一些移码活性。不需要代谢活化，即使在煮过的蘑菇提取物中也能检测到致突变活性。用有机溶剂（先乙醇后乙醚）分级分离后，致命乳菇的活性在乙醚相和水相中均有恢复，但双孢蘑菇和香菇提取物的活性仍保留在水相中。
