Bernal M E, Klinnert M D, Schultz L A
J Appl Behav Anal. 1980 Winter;13(4):677-91. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1980.13-677.
The central question addressed was, how effective is parent training in reducing conduct problems in children in comparison to client-centered parent counseling? A secondary question was the relative effectiveness of the two treatment groups in comparison to a wait control group that when untreated during the 8-week period of treatment provided the other groups. Families of 36, 5- to 12-year-old conduct problem children were screened and assigned at random to treatment groups, but wait control group assignment depended upon therapist availability. Supervised graduate student therapists conducted 10 treatment sessions for each family. Parent reports and paper and pencil tests of child deviance and parent satisfaction showed a superior outcome for behavioral over the client-centered and wait control groups, and no differences between the latter two groups. At follow-up there was no maintenance of this superiority. Home observation data showed no advantage of behavioral over client-centered treatment, and these two groups did not improve significantly more than the wait control group. These results were discussed in the light of possible interactions between treatment and measurement, and methodological and sampling differences between this and other studies.
所探讨的核心问题是，与以客户为中心的家长咨询相比，家长培训在减少儿童行为问题方面的效果如何？第二个问题是，与等待对照组相比，两个治疗组的相对有效性如何，该等待对照组在为期8周的治疗期间未接受治疗，为其他组提供了对照。对36名5至12岁有行为问题儿童的家庭进行了筛选，并随机分配到治疗组，但等待对照组的分配取决于治疗师的可用性。由研究生治疗师指导，为每个家庭进行10次治疗。家长报告以及儿童偏差和家长满意度的纸笔测试显示，行为治疗组的结果优于以客户为中心的治疗组和等待对照组，而后两组之间没有差异。在随访中，这种优势没有得到维持。家庭观察数据显示，行为治疗组并不比以客户为中心的治疗组更具优势，而且这两组的改善并不比等待对照组显著更多。根据治疗与测量之间可能的相互作用以及本研究与其他研究在方法和抽样方面的差异，对这些结果进行了讨论。
