Wood R J, Maddison S, Rolls E T, Rolls B J, Gibbs J
J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1980 Dec;94(6):1135-48. doi: 10.1037/h0077745.
The effect of 24-hr water deprivation and subsequent drinking on systemic fluid balance was determined in rhesus monkeys prepared with indwelling cardiac catheters. Significant intracellular and extracellular depletions, as indicated by increased plasma sodium concentrations, osmolality, and plasma protein concentrations, resulted from the deprivation. An early attenuation in rehydrational drinking rate (2--4 min) was not associated with changes in systemic fluid balance, which suggests presystemic influences on behavior at this time. When drinking terminated (10 min), however, plasma dilution was significant. In experiments in which monkeys were sham drinking (open gastric cannula), water but not isotonic saline infusions, given through an intestinal cannula, reduced drinking rate and produced significant plasma dilution. Intravenous water infusions reduced drinking to only a comparable extent despite more rapid and substantial plasma dilution. Thus, systemic absorption does not account entirely for the effect of intestinal water infusions on drinking. It is concluded that stimulation of mechanisms both presystemically (within the intestine or the hepatic portal circulation) and systemically is important in the control and termination of rehydrational drinking in this species.
在留置心导管的恒河猴身上，研究了24小时禁水及随后饮水对全身水平衡的影响。禁水导致血浆钠浓度、渗透压和血浆蛋白浓度升高，表明细胞内和细胞外液显著减少。再水化饮水速率早期衰减（2 - 4分钟）与全身水平衡变化无关，这表明此时存在对行为的全身前影响。然而，当饮水终止时（10分钟），血浆稀释显著。在猴子假饮水（开放胃插管）的实验中，通过肠插管输注水而非等渗盐水，降低了饮水速率并导致显著的血浆稀释。尽管静脉输注水导致更快且更显著的血浆稀释，但仅使饮水减少到类似程度。因此，全身吸收并不能完全解释肠内输注水对饮水的影响。得出的结论是，在该物种中，全身前（肠内或肝门静脉循环内）和全身机制的刺激对再水化饮水的控制和终止很重要。
