Watson C G, Plemel D
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1981 Mar;169(3):185-90. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198103000-00006.
The performances of schizophrenics, psychiatric controls, and normals on No Distractor, Irrelevant Distractor, and Associate Distractor memory tasks matched for length, reliability, and difficulty were compared to evaluate the interference theory and a variation of the normal associates bias theory of schizophrenic thought disorder. The distractors had greater negative impacts on the performances of the schizophrenics than on those of the normals or psychiatric controls. However, the associate distractors did not interfere with the learning of the schizophrenics more than the irrelevant distractors did. The results offer strong support for interference theories of schizophrenic thought disorder, but the hypotheses we developed from Chapman and Chapman's (Disordered Thought in Schizophrenia, Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1973) normal associate bias model did not assist in predicting our results.
将精神分裂症患者、精神科对照者和正常人在长度、信度和难度相匹配的无干扰项、无关干扰项和相关干扰项记忆任务上的表现进行比较，以评估干扰理论以及精神分裂症思维障碍的正常联想偏差理论的一个变体。干扰项对精神分裂症患者表现的负面影响比对正常人或精神科对照者的负面影响更大。然而，相关干扰项对精神分裂症患者学习的干扰并不比无关干扰项更大。这些结果为精神分裂症思维障碍的干扰理论提供了有力支持，但我们根据查普曼和查普曼（《精神分裂症中的思维障碍》，阿普尔顿 - 世纪 - 克罗夫茨出版社，纽约，1973年）的正常联想偏差模型提出的假设并未有助于预测我们的结果。
