Hardaway R M
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1981 Feb;152(2):200-6.
In previously normal patients in a state of severe shock, a prolongation of partial thromboplastin time above 100 seconds due to shock, an elevation of lactic dehydrogenase above 500 units per milligram, an elevation of serum glutamicoxalacetic transaminase above 125 units per milliliter, an elevation of serum glutamic-pyruvate transaminase above 60 units per milliliter, an elevation of lactate above 52 milligrams per milliliter are grave signs and predict a probable mortality. This does not apply to patients in a state of acute traumatic and hemorrhagic shock in extreme vasoconstriction or treated with vasoconstrictors. An arterial pO2-alveolar pO2 ratio of below 15 per cent indicates a probable mortality, above 30 per cent, a probable recovery. Cardiac index, arterial pH, arterial pO2, blood volume and systemic blood pressure have little correlation with survival. Monitoring coagulation and the intensity of its activity seem to be an effective index of mortality in severe shock in previously normal patients.
在既往健康的患者处于严重休克状态时，因休克导致部分凝血活酶时间延长至100秒以上、乳酸脱氢酶升高至每毫克500单位以上、血清谷草转氨酶升高至每毫升125单位以上、血清谷丙转氨酶升高至每毫升60单位以上、乳酸升高至每毫升52毫克以上均为严重征象，提示可能死亡。这不适用于处于急性创伤性和出血性休克且极度血管收缩状态或使用血管收缩剂治疗的患者。动脉血氧分压与肺泡氧分压比值低于15%提示可能死亡，高于30%提示可能康复。心脏指数、动脉pH值、动脉血氧分压、血容量和体循环血压与生存率相关性不大。监测凝血及其活性强度似乎是既往健康患者严重休克死亡率的有效指标。
