Lewine R R, Strauss J S, Gift T E
Am J Psychiatry. 1981 Apr;138(4):440-4. doi: 10.1176/ajp.138.4.440.
Reports that men develop schizophrenia earlier than women could be a clue to major factors in the pathological processes of schizophrenia or they could be diagnostic artifacts. The authors evaluated the effect of alternative diagnostic systems on age at first admission for schizophrenia, depression, and personality disorder. They found that the age-sex disproportion is specific to schizophrenia and occurs irrespective of the diagnostic system. An unexpected relationship between diagnostic system and sex differences in the rate of schizophrenia obtained, however: the broadest and narrowest sets of criteria yielded approximately equal proportions of females and males, but intermediate systems yielded a significantly greater proportion of males than females.
有报告称男性比女性更早患上精神分裂症，这可能是精神分裂症病理过程中主要因素的线索，也可能是诊断假象。作者评估了不同诊断系统对精神分裂症、抑郁症和人格障碍首次入院年龄的影响。他们发现年龄与性别的不均衡是精神分裂症所特有的，且与诊断系统无关。然而，研究得出了诊断系统与精神分裂症发病率性别差异之间的意外关系：最宽泛和最狭窄的标准组产生的女性和男性比例大致相等，但中间系统产生的男性比例明显高于女性。
