Hoyer H E, Kindt R, Lippert H
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 1980 Dec;118(6):915-22. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1053349.
64 non preserved and 35 preserved clavicles were fractured in three defined positions in a bending test by a tension testing machine with electronic measurement of force. 30 non preserved bones were fractured in an axial infraction test. Force-deflection-diagrams were registered, and the values of maximum load, breaking load, ultimate deflection and energy were correlated to cross section and thickness of compacta. The significantly greater non preserved male clavicles are loadable at a higher level (medium breaking load about 1200 N) than female bones (medium breaking load abut 800 N). The breaking energy of the more flexible female clavicles is about 30% lower than those of males whereas elastic modulus of female clavicles is significant greater. Preservation has a significant influence on biomechanical properties of bones: ultimate deflection decreases; breaking energy, ultimate stress and elastic modulus increase. Breaking load is greatest in the middle portion of the clavicle, while deflection is greatest in the sternal portion. Removal of periosteum causes lower breaking load, deflection, ultimate stress and elastic modulus as well. With axial load clavicle fractures occur most frequently between middle and sternal third.
在一台配备电子测力装置的拉伸试验机上，对64根未保存和35根保存的锁骨在三个规定位置进行弯曲试验致其骨折。30根未保存的骨头在轴向骨折试验中骨折。记录力-挠度图，并将最大载荷、断裂载荷、极限挠度和能量值与密质骨的横截面和厚度相关联。未保存的男性锁骨明显比女性锁骨能承受更高水平的载荷（平均断裂载荷约为1200牛）（女性平均断裂载荷约为800牛）。更具柔韧性的女性锁骨的断裂能量比男性低约30%，而女性锁骨的弹性模量显著更高。保存对骨骼的生物力学性能有显著影响：极限挠度降低；断裂能量、极限应力和弹性模量增加。锁骨中部的断裂载荷最大，而胸骨端的挠度最大。去除骨膜也会导致较低的断裂载荷、挠度、极限应力和弹性模量。在轴向载荷作用下，锁骨骨折最常发生在中1/3和胸骨端1/3之间。
