Lippert H, Zedelius M
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 1975 Apr;113(2):217-28.
108 ulnae from the cadavers of 50 men and 6 women were fractured in four positions with a tension testing machine with electronic measurement of force. Stress-strain-diagrams were registered, and the values of breaking load, breaking energy, breaking stress and ultimate deflection were correlated to the areas of cross sections of compacta and medulla. Breaking load and breaking energy decrease distally: medium breaking load in the upper portion of the ulna about 320 kp, in the lower portion about 100 kp; breaking energy in the upper portion about 65 kpcm, in the lower about 20 kpcm. Breaking stress is greatest in the middle portion of the ulna (19 kp/mm-2 in contrast to 11-14 kp/mm-2 near the joints). With increasing age the cross sections of the medulla increase significantly, but breaking load, breaking energy, breaking stress and area of cross section of the compacta decrease significantly. Ulnae from females are less resistant than those from males. Intact periosteum rises resistance to breaking and ultimate deflection. Experimental data agree with clinical observations.
取自50名男性和6名女性尸体的108根尺骨，通过一台带力电子测量功能的拉伸试验机在四个位置造成骨折。记录应力-应变图，并将断裂载荷、断裂能量、断裂应力和极限挠度的值与密质骨和髓质骨的横截面面积相关联。断裂载荷和断裂能量向远端递减：尺骨上部的平均断裂载荷约为320千帕，下部约为100千帕；上部的断裂能量约为65千帕厘米，下部约为20千帕厘米。断裂应力在尺骨中部最大（为19千帕/平方毫米，而关节附近为11 - 14千帕/平方毫米）。随着年龄增长，髓质骨的横截面显著增大，但断裂载荷、断裂能量、断裂应力和密质骨的横截面面积显著减小。女性的尺骨比男性的更易折断。完整的骨膜可提高抗断裂能力和极限挠度。实验数据与临床观察结果相符。
