Lau M J, Keough K M
Can J Biochem. 1981 Mar;59(3):208-19. doi: 10.1139/o81-029.
The phospholipids of lung and lung lavage fluid from map turtles (Malaclemys geographica) acclimated to 5, 14, 22 and 32 degrees C have been analyzed. The yield of surfactant (lavage) lipid P was higher at 32 than at 5 degrees C, but there was no significant change in lung lipid P. The relative proportions of phospholipids from the lung were PC greater than PE greater than SM greater than PS greater than PI, while those for the lavage were PC greater than PI greater than PE greater than SM congruent to PS. PC constituted 71-78% of the surfactant phospholipid over the temperature range. Small changes in the amounts of PC and PE of lung and in PC and PI of lavage were observed at different temperatures. The fatty acid compositions of the lipids from the two sources were different in many respects. The lavage lipids contained more saturated acids, especially palmitic acid, than did the lung lipids. The fatty acid compositions indicated the presence of disaturated PC in lung lavage and diunsaturated species of PC and PE in lung. The total saturated fatty acids of PC and PE in lung and of PC in surfactant increased at higher temperatures. In the surfactant PC this increase reflected principally a rise in palmitate and a drop in palmitoleate contents. The saturated PC obtained from lavage at each temperature contained more than 85% palmitic acid, indicating that the principal saturated PC was DPPC. These changes are consistent with the type of alterations in the lipid composition of membranes which occur during homeoviscous adaptation.
对适应于5、14、22和32摄氏度的地图龟（地图龟属）的肺和肺灌洗液中的磷脂进行了分析。表面活性剂（灌洗）脂质P的产量在32摄氏度时高于5摄氏度时，但肺脂质P没有显著变化。肺中磷脂的相对比例为PC＞PE＞SM＞PS＞PI，而灌洗液中的相对比例为PC＞PI＞PE＞SM≈PS。在整个温度范围内，PC占表面活性剂磷脂的71 - 78%。在不同温度下，观察到肺中PC和PE的量以及灌洗液中PC和PI的量有微小变化。两种来源的脂质的脂肪酸组成在许多方面有所不同。灌洗脂质比肺脂质含有更多的饱和酸，尤其是棕榈酸。脂肪酸组成表明肺灌洗液中存在二饱和PC，肺中存在PC和PE的二不饱和种类。肺中PC和PE以及表面活性剂中PC的总饱和脂肪酸在较高温度下增加。在表面活性剂PC中，这种增加主要反映为棕榈酸含量的上升和棕榈油酸含量的下降。在每个温度下从灌洗液中获得的饱和PC含有超过85%的棕榈酸，表明主要的饱和PC是二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱（DPPC）。这些变化与在适应性体温调节过程中发生的膜脂质组成的改变类型一致。
