Walsh D A, Baldwin M, Finkle T J
Exp Aging Res. 1980 Oct;6(5):431-43. doi: 10.1080/03610738008258378.
The Bransford and Franks [4] paradigm of linquistic abstraction was used to examine age differences in the nature of stored semantic information. Twenty-eight young (mean age 18.9 years) and 27 old (mean age 70.8 years) adults served as subjects. Specifically, age differences on two dimensions of memory were examined: (a) integration of related content from separate sentences and (b) retention of precise semantic content. Young and old were found to differ in the precision of retained semantic content. However, both age groups evidenced integration of information as indexed by a strong linear trend of recognition rate across sentence complexity and this trend did not interact with age, supporting the idea that both age groups showed comparable integration of abstract linguistic information into holistic ideas. The implications of these findings are considered in relation to current conceptualizations of age differences in memory, and new directions for research are proposed.
采用布兰斯福德和弗兰克斯[4]的语言抽象范式来研究存储语义信息本质上的年龄差异。28名年轻人（平均年龄18.9岁）和27名老年人（平均年龄70.8岁）作为研究对象。具体而言，研究了记忆两个维度上的年龄差异：(a) 整合来自不同句子的相关内容；(b) 保留精确的语义内容。研究发现，年轻人和老年人在保留语义内容的精确性上存在差异。然而，两个年龄组都表现出信息整合，这通过识别率随句子复杂度的强烈线性趋势得以体现，并且这种趋势与年龄没有交互作用，这支持了两个年龄组在将抽象语言信息整合为整体概念方面表现相当的观点。结合当前对记忆年龄差异的概念化来考虑这些发现的意义，并提出了新的研究方向。
