Crawford H J
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1981 Feb;40(2):376-83. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.40.2.376.
The investigation was concerned primarily with the relationship of gestalt closure tasks to hypnotizability on a test of the hypothesis that the more highly hypnotizable do better on a task of holistic visuospatial functioning than those less responsive to hypnosis. Several other cognitive tasks were included: visualization, disembedding of hidden figures, and syllogistic reasoning. Sex differences were inconsistent in the four studies reported. In Study 1 (22 male and 20 female university students), high hypnotizables scored significantly higher than low hypnotizables on the gestalt closure tasks, but there were no significant correlations between hypnotizability and the other cognitive tasks. In Study 2 (25 male and 25 female university students) and Study 3 (41 male and 37 female university students), females showed significant correlations between hypnotic susceptibility and gestalt closure scores. In Study 4 (37 male and 27 female high school students), a significant correlation between hypnotic susceptibility and gestalt closure was found for males. The results are consistent with studies of different types of cognitive functioning (hemispheric preference, creativity, attentional distribution, imaginative involvement, and absorption), all indicating differences in cognitive abilities associated with high hypnotizability.
该调查主要关注格式塔闭合任务与催眠易感性之间的关系，以验证以下假设：在整体视觉空间功能任务中，催眠易感性较高者比那些对催眠反应较弱者表现更好。研究还包括其他几项认知任务：视觉化、隐藏图形的分离以及三段论推理。在所报告的四项研究中，性别差异并不一致。在研究1（22名男大学生和20名女大学生）中，高催眠易感性者在格式塔闭合任务上的得分显著高于低催眠易感性者，但催眠易感性与其他认知任务之间没有显著相关性。在研究2（25名男大学生和25名女大学生）和研究3（41名男大学生和37名女大学生）中，女性的催眠易感性与格式塔闭合得分之间存在显著相关性。在研究4（37名男高中生和27名女高中生）中，男性的催眠易感性与格式塔闭合之间存在显著相关性。这些结果与不同类型认知功能（半球偏好、创造力、注意力分配、想象参与和专注度）的研究一致，所有这些研究都表明与高催眠易感性相关的认知能力存在差异。
