Mueller W H, Wohlleb J C
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1981 Jan;54(1):25-35. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330540104.
Principal components analyses of subcutaneous fat measurements covering arm, trunk, and leg areas of the body were performed on 44 samples varying in sex, age, and ethnicity of subjects; measurement technique; and number of sites studied. Three major components emerged, similar in all samples: A first component of obesity, a second component of anatomical fat distribution contrasting trunk and extremity fat, and a third distributional component contrasting leg and arm fat. These components did not appear to vary with age (school children to older adults), sex, ethnicity (Black-White), technique (caliper, ultrasound, or X-rays), or number of sites (five to 13). The three major components are similar to vectors or obesity and relative fat patterning reported earlier by anthroposcopic (Skerlj et al., 1953) and graphic (Garn, 1955) methods. One of the pattern components (trunk-extremity) appears to correspond to a body build continuum associated with adult chronic diseases (Vague, 1956). The stability of these components among samples that differ in several characteristics suggests the validity of these components in describing aspects of body build of anthropological and epidemiological importance.
对44个样本进行了身体手臂、躯干和腿部皮下脂肪测量的主成分分析，这些样本在受试者的性别、年龄和种族、测量技术以及研究部位数量方面存在差异。出现了三个主要成分，在所有样本中都相似：第一个是肥胖成分，第二个是对比躯干和四肢脂肪的解剖学脂肪分布成分，第三个是对比腿部和手臂脂肪的分布成分。这些成分似乎不会随年龄（从学童到老年人）、性别、种族（黑人-白人）、技术（卡尺、超声或X射线）或部位数量（5至13个）而变化。这三个主要成分类似于先前通过人体测量法（斯克尔伊等人，1953年）和图表法（加恩，1955年）报告的肥胖向量和相对脂肪模式。其中一个模式成分（躯干-四肢）似乎对应于与成人慢性病相关的体型连续体（瓦格，1956年）。这些成分在具有多种特征差异样本中的稳定性表明，这些成分在描述具有人类学和流行病学重要性的体型方面是有效的。
