色素释放
Pigment release.
作者信息
Mapstone R
出版信息
Br J Ophthalmol. 1981 Apr;65(4):258-63. doi: 10.1136/bjo.65.4.258.
Guttae phenylephrine 10% produced a significant decrease in intraocular pressure and increase in facility of outflow in eyes with untreated ocular hypertension. If at the same time pigment was released into the aqueous, the pressure and outflow effect was nullified. Guttae pilocarpine 2% also reduced pressure and increased outflow, but if phenylephrine was added to the pilocarpine 2 responses appeared. If no pigment was released, pressure decreased and outflow increased; if pigment was released, there was no significant change in either. An identical response was shown by eyes with treated open-angle glaucoma. In eyes with treated exfoliation glaucoma pilocarpine and phenylephrine combined produced a significant increase in pressure and decrease in outflow because of pigment release. Finally, 18 eyes are described in which pigment release produced a mean increase in intraocular pressure of 14 mmHg. An acute release of pigment has an outflow-blocking effect that can be readily demonstrated. It provides an explanation for some of the paradoxical responses that occur after the instillation of autonomic drugs. It also provides a sufficient explanation for glaucoma associated with pigment dispersion.
10%的去氧肾上腺素滴眼液可使未经治疗的高眼压患者的眼压显著降低，房水流畅系数增加。如果同时有色素释放到房水中，则眼压和房水流出效应会消失。2%的毛果芸香碱滴眼液也可降低眼压并增加房水流出，但如果在毛果芸香碱中加入去氧肾上腺素，则会出现两种反应。如果没有色素释放，眼压降低，房水流出增加；如果有色素释放，则两者均无显著变化。治疗后的开角型青光眼患者的眼睛也表现出相同的反应。在治疗后的剥脱性青光眼患者的眼睛中，毛果芸香碱和去氧肾上腺素联合使用会因色素释放而导致眼压显著升高，房水流出减少。最后，描述了18只眼睛，其中色素释放使眼压平均升高了14 mmHg。色素的急性释放具有易于证明的房水流出阻滞作用。它解释了一些在滴入自主神经药物后出现的矛盾反应。它也为与色素播散相关的青光眼提供了充分的解释。
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