Retterstøl N
Psychiatr Clin (Basel). 1980;13(3-4):217-33.
The author reviews briefly the recent history of psychiatric hospitals, with particular reference to changes which have taken place in the Scandinavian countries. He also reviews the new expectations society has of psychiatric hospitals and of their role. He concludes that the psychiatric hospital has still an important role to play but that its organization and aims will have to change. He gives a number of guidelines for the changes and describes his own experience as director of two psychiatric hospitals in Norway which under his guidance underwent the transition from the old to their new function. The hospital here described in detail is called 'Gaustad', situated in Oslo. He outlines the planning procedure and the way the plans were implemented. Finally he asked each professional group working in the hospital as well as the patients to evaluate the changes. By and large, all groups seemed to welcome the new way of working. Finally staff and patients give opinions as to what functions should be expected of the hospital in the future and the author gives his own ideas. He feels the psychiatric hospitals will have to change, but they have to continue to play an important and, in some ways, unique role.
作者简要回顾了精神病医院的近期历史，特别提及了斯堪的纳维亚国家所发生的变化。他还审视了社会对精神病医院及其作用的新期望。他得出结论，精神病医院仍需发挥重要作用，但其组织和目标必须改变。他给出了一些变革指导方针，并描述了自己作为挪威两家精神病医院院长的经历，在他的指导下，这两家医院从旧功能向新功能转变。这里详细描述的医院名为“高斯塔德”，位于奥斯陆。他概述了规划过程以及计划的实施方式。最后，他让医院里每个专业团队以及患者对这些变革进行评估。总体而言，所有团队似乎都欢迎新的工作方式。最后，工作人员和患者就未来对医院应具备的功能发表了意见，作者也给出了自己的想法。他认为精神病医院必须变革，但它们必须继续发挥重要且在某些方面独特的作用。
