Schachter E N, Lee M, Gerhard H, Brown S
Yale J Biol Med. 1980 Nov-Dec;53(6):485-96.
We investigated the effects of breathing air warmed and fully saturated to body temperature (AWS) before, during, and after exercise in asthmatic subjects. Airway responses to submaximal exercise on a cycloergometer were measured on four separate days in 14 asthmatic volunteers. On day 1 the subjects exercised breathing ambient air (AA). On the subsequent three days exercise was performed with the subjects breathing AWS, (1) for five minutes preceding, (2) during, and (3) for five minutes following exercise. We showed complete protection against EIB by AWS during exercise, but no protection by AWS before or after exercise. On two subsequent days we examined the effects of partially warming and humidifying the subjects' inspired air by having them wear a mask during exercise. We found that with such protection bronchospasm was significantly but not completely blunted. We conclude that the physiologic changes initiated during exercise can be prevented by breathing AWS during exercise, but are not by AWS inhaled before or after exercise. Furthermore, these studies demonstrate the possibility of using masks as a non-pharmacologic means of controlling EIB.
我们研究了在哮喘患者运动前、运动期间和运动后呼吸加热至体温并完全饱和的空气（AWS）的效果。在14名哮喘志愿者中，于四个不同日期测量了他们在自行车测力计上进行次最大运动时的气道反应。第一天，受试者呼吸环境空气（AA）进行运动。在随后的三天里，受试者呼吸AWS进行运动，（1）运动前五分钟，（2）运动期间，以及（3）运动后五分钟。我们发现，运动期间AWS对运动诱发的支气管收缩（EIB）有完全的保护作用，但运动前或运动后AWS没有保护作用。在随后的两天里，我们通过让受试者在运动时佩戴面罩来研究部分加热和加湿受试者吸入空气的效果。我们发现，有这种保护措施时，支气管痉挛虽有显著减轻但未完全缓解。我们得出结论，运动期间呼吸AWS可预防运动期间引发的生理变化，但运动前或运动后吸入AWS则不能。此外，这些研究证明了使用面罩作为控制EIB的非药物手段的可能性。
