Lingaas E, Midtvedt T, Melby K, Dahl O U
Chemotherapy. 1981;27(4):239-46. doi: 10.1159/000237986.
The antibacterial activity of cefoxitin and cephalothin was tested against 7,312 clinical isolates of aerobic pathogens. Cefoxitin was found to have a broad spectrum of activity. Among the gram-positive cocci, 99.1% of Staphylococcus aureus, 94.4% of Staphylococcus epidermidis and 98.1% of streptococci group B had a minimal inhibitory concentration of 16 microgram/ml or less, while only 4.6% of enterococci were sensitive to this concentration of cefoxitin. Among the gram-negative rods 94.4% of Escherichia coli, 89.3% of Klebsiella spp., 97.3% of Proteus mirabilis, 97.4% of Proteus vulgaris and 79.3% of Proteus morganii were sensitive to 16 microgram/ml of cefoxitin or less. The effect of Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was negligible. Cefoxitin was less active than cephalothin against gram-positive cocci, the difference being most pronounced against enterococci. Cephalothin was also found to be more active than cefoxitin against P. mirabilis, while cefoxitin was superior to cephalothin against E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., P. vulgaris and P. morganii.
对7312株需氧病原菌临床分离株测试了头孢西丁和头孢噻吩的抗菌活性。发现头孢西丁具有广谱活性。在革兰氏阳性球菌中，99.1%的金黄色葡萄球菌、94.4%的表皮葡萄球菌和98.1%的B组链球菌的最低抑菌浓度为16微克/毫升或更低，而只有4.6%的肠球菌对该浓度的头孢西丁敏感。在革兰氏阴性杆菌中，94.4%的大肠杆菌、89.3%的克雷伯菌属、97.3%的奇异变形杆菌、97.4%的普通变形杆菌和79.3%的摩根氏变形杆菌对16微克/毫升或更低浓度的头孢西丁敏感。铜绿假单胞菌和醋酸钙不动杆菌的作用可忽略不计。头孢西丁对革兰氏阳性球菌的活性低于头孢噻吩，这种差异在肠球菌中最为明显。还发现头孢噻吩对奇异变形杆菌的活性高于头孢西丁，而头孢西丁对大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌属、肠杆菌属、普通变形杆菌和摩根氏变形杆菌的活性优于头孢噻吩。
