Constans J, Viau M, Gouaillard C, Clerc A
Am J Hum Genet. 1981 Jul;33(4):606-16.
The haptoglobin (Hp) polymorphism is investigated in 11 African groups living in an area from the Algerian Sahara to Central Africa. More than 4,000 samples were examined. In the Saharian samples, the Hp1 gene frequency is higher than in any other African group. From north to south, a decrease in the Hp1 gene frequency is observed; in the Pygmy sample only, this frequency is lower than the frequency of the Hp2 gene. By means of a sensitive radioimmunoelectrophoresis, the presence of a residual Hp in Hp O sera in which the Hp polymorphism can also be determined can be revealed. Absence of Hp 1-1 and significant excess of Hp 2-2 individuals were observed. More Hp 2-1M phenotypes were detected in the Hp O population than in the non-Hp O population examined. In the Hp O samples, the influence of the phenotype distribution on the Hp gene frequencies is discussed. The heavy polymers of the Hp related to the presence of the alpha 2 chain (Hp2 gene product) are involved only in the biological mechanisms responsible for the presence of Hp O and Hp 2-1 M phenotypes among African groups.
在居住于从阿尔及利亚撒哈拉沙漠到中非地区的11个非洲群体中，对触珠蛋白（Hp）多态性进行了研究。检测了4000多个样本。在撒哈拉沙漠地区的样本中，Hp1基因频率高于任何其他非洲群体。从北到南，观察到Hp1基因频率呈下降趋势；仅在俾格米人样本中，该频率低于Hp2基因的频率。通过灵敏的放射免疫电泳，可以揭示在也能确定Hp多态性的Hp O血清中存在残余的Hp。观察到没有Hp 1-1个体，且Hp 2-2个体显著过量。在Hp O群体中检测到的Hp 2-1M表型比在所检测的非Hp O群体中更多。在Hp O样本中，讨论了表型分布对Hp基因频率的影响。与α2链（Hp2基因产物）的存在相关的Hp重聚合物仅参与了导致非洲群体中存在Hp O和Hp 2-1M表型的生物学机制。
