Kurilo L F
Hum Genet. 1981;57(1):86-92. doi: 10.1007/BF00271175.
Ninety-seven female embryos and foetuses aged 6-40 weeks were quantitatively analyzed for germ cell development, mitotic activity in the ovary, and dynamics of chromosome transformations in oocytes at the stages of meiotic prophase I and follicle genesis. For the first time, chronology of oocytes dynamics at the stage of the preleptotene chromosome condensation and decondensation is described. Oocytes at the leptotene stage occur in embryos aged 10-11 weeks. Oocyte transfer at the zygotene and pachytene stages starts by 10.5-11 and 11.5-13 weeks, respectively. Their number is maximum after 26 weeks and by the 40th week decreases to just single oocytes. The first oocytes at the diplotene stage appear in foetuses aged 11.5-12 weeks. Oocyte transition to the dictyotene stage is observed in single oocytes after 16 weeks of development, but active bivalent decondensation begins after 26 weeks. The formation of a follicular layer takes place not earlier than around the oocyte at the diplotene stage. Follicle genesis occurs after 11-12 weeks. Transformation of primordial follicles into primary ones is intensified after 19-20 weeks. By the moment of birth, the majority of oocytes in the human ovary are contained in primary follicles, and only a few are contained in primordial ones. The number of secondary and tertiary antral follicles is extremely small. The dynamics of degeneration of germ cells throughout intra-uterine development is also described.
对97个年龄在6至40周的雌性胚胎和胎儿进行了定量分析，以研究生殖细胞发育、卵巢中的有丝分裂活性以及减数分裂前期I和卵泡发生阶段卵母细胞中的染色体转化动态。首次描述了细线前期染色体凝聚和解凝聚阶段卵母细胞动态的时间顺序。细线期的卵母细胞出现在10至11周龄的胚胎中。偶线期和粗线期的卵母细胞转移分别在10.5至11周和11.5至13周开始。它们的数量在26周后达到最大值，到第40周时减少到只有单个卵母细胞。双线期的第一批卵母细胞出现在11.5至12周龄的胎儿中。在发育16周后，单个卵母细胞中观察到卵母细胞向核网期的转变，但活跃的二价体解凝聚在26周后开始。卵泡层的形成不早于双线期的卵母细胞周围。卵泡发生在11至12周后开始。原始卵泡向初级卵泡的转化在19至20周后加强。到出生时，人类卵巢中的大多数卵母细胞包含在初级卵泡中，只有少数包含在原始卵泡中。次级和三级窦状卵泡的数量极少。还描述了整个子宫内发育过程中生殖细胞退化的动态。
