ELman J L
J Acoust Soc Am. 1981 Jul;70(1):45-50. doi: 10.1121/1.386580.
Previous investigations into the effects of distorted auditory feedback on vocalizations have been limited to manipulations of intensity, background noise, temporal delay, or to selective filtering of frequency. The current study reports the results of real-time shifts of the frequency components of auditory feedback. Subjectively, such shifts are perceived primarily as an alteration in the fundamental frequency (F0) of the speech. Subjects performed a variety of tasks under conditions where they received either normal auditory feedback or frequency-shifted feedback. Under normal feedback conditions, subjects maintained approximately constant F0 as instructed. With frequency-shifted feedback, subjects attempted to compensate for the shift by adjusting their F0 up or down such that the resulting feedback appeared to be "normal."
以往关于听觉反馈失真对发声影响的研究仅限于强度、背景噪声、时间延迟的操纵，或频率的选择性滤波。本研究报告了听觉反馈频率成分实时变化的结果。主观上，这种变化主要被感知为语音基频（F0）的改变。受试者在接受正常听觉反馈或移频反馈的条件下执行各种任务。在正常反馈条件下，受试者按照指示保持F0大致恒定。在移频反馈条件下，受试者试图通过向上或向下调整F0来补偿这种变化，以使得到的反馈看起来“正常”。
