Steinhorn S C, Myers M H
Med Pediatr Oncol. 1981;9(4):333-46. doi: 10.1002/mpo.2950090405.
The dramatic improvements in the survival experience for children diagnosed with acute leukemia are analyzed using data collected through hospitals participating in the National Cancer Institute's End Results Group Program between 1950 and 1973. Children under 15 years of age who were diagnosed with both acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) showed moderate improvements in the 1950s, but beginning in the 1960s those with ALL did far better. Statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level were noted between their three-year survival rates for all cohorts analyzed between 1960 and 1973. For the 1970-1973 cohort, three-year survival rates were 49% and 20% for ALL and ANLL, respectively, and five-year survival rates were 34% and 12%. Between 1950 and 1976 the age-adjusted incidence rate for all childhood leukemias remained relatively stable in a sample of five geographic areas, changing from 4.6 per 100,000 children under 15 years of age to 4.3 per 100,000. In contrast, the corresponding age-adjusted mortality rate fell approximately 45% over the same period, from 4.4 per 100,000 to 2.4 per 100,000.
利用1950年至1973年间参与美国国立癌症研究所最终结果小组项目的医院收集的数据，分析了被诊断为急性白血病的儿童生存情况的显著改善。15岁以下被诊断为急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）和急性非淋巴细胞白血病（ANLL）的儿童在20世纪50年代生存率有适度提高，但从20世纪60年代开始，患ALL的儿童生存率提高得更多。在1960年至1973年间分析的所有队列中，其三年生存率在0.05水平上存在统计学显著差异。对于1970 - 1973年队列，ALL和ANLL的三年生存率分别为49%和20%，五年生存率分别为34%和12%。在1950年至1976年间，五个地理区域样本中所有儿童白血病的年龄调整发病率保持相对稳定，从每10万名15岁以下儿童中的4.6例降至4.3例。相比之下，同期相应的年龄调整死亡率下降了约45%，从每10万名中的4.4例降至2.4例。
