Harzmann R, Kobashi L I, Raible D A, Bichler K H, Flüchter S H
Urol Res. 1981;9(4):175-80. doi: 10.1007/BF00264823.
The main problem with urinary diversion via cutaneous ureterostomy is stomal stenosis. Results with experimental and clinical implants of carbon polymer stoma prostheses (max. clinical observation period: 31 months) for vesicostomies have encouraged us to find out whether implants of this material would be suitable for cutaneous ureterostomies as well. The first step was dilation of the ureters in 16 mongrel dogs, 4 mini pigs and 4 sheep. This was done by knotting a thread over a splint which had been introduced into the ureter. After 7 days the ureter was ligated prevesically and a carbon polymer stoma was implanted into the ureter. 37 of the 48 stoma implants were well tolerated and provided water tight urinary drainage; slight encrustation occurred, but, radiologically, a smooth flow of contrast medium was seen. Ten of these 37 cases had transient urinary leakage. Eleven of the 48 stoma implants were unsuccessful because of insufficient healing, urinary extravasation, parastomal inflammation or severe encrustations. The results of these experiments on animals would seem to justify initial clinical use. It is conceiveable that this way stomal stenosis of the cutaneous ureterostomy can be avoided.
经皮输尿管造口术进行尿液改道的主要问题是造口狭窄。膀胱造口术使用碳聚合物造口假体进行实验性和临床植入的结果（最大临床观察期：31个月）促使我们去探究这种材料的植入物是否也适用于经皮输尿管造口术。第一步是对16只杂种狗、4只小型猪和4只绵羊的输尿管进行扩张。方法是在一根已插入输尿管的夹板上系一根线。7天后，在膀胱前结扎输尿管，并将一个碳聚合物造口植入输尿管。48个造口植入物中有37个耐受性良好，能实现尿液的密闭引流；出现了轻微的结痂，但在放射学检查中，可见造影剂顺畅流动。这37例中有10例出现短暂性尿漏。48个造口植入物中有11个未成功，原因是愈合不足、尿液外渗、造口旁炎症或严重结痂。这些动物实验的结果似乎证明了初步临床应用的合理性。可以设想，通过这种方式可以避免经皮输尿管造口术的造口狭窄。
