Mant M J, Parker K R
Br J Haematol. 1981 Aug;48(4):601-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1981.00601.x.
Two inhibitors of platelet aggregation have been identified in saline extracts of Glossina morsitans (tsetse) salivary glands. A protein fraction (MW greater than 30 000) inhibited primary and secondary aggregation to ADP, secondary aggregation to adrenalin, and aggregation to collagen. It also caused disaggregation of platelets stimulated by ADP and adrenalin. These properties could be explained by ADP hydrolytic activity. A previously identified antithrombin fraction (MW 11 000-13 000) abolished thrombin-induced aggregation. It did not affect platelet aggregation to ADP, adrenalin or collagen, as compared to aggregation in citrate, when used as sole anticoagulant for platelet rich plasma or when added to citrated platelet rich plasma. These results fail to support hypotheses (i) that thrombin plays an important role in platelet aggregation by other agonists and (ii) that secondary platelet aggregation is an artefact induced by citrate. It is proposed that these inhibitors may be important in maintaining mouthpart and crop patency during feeding. Their discovery suggests that other arthropods may also have antiplatelet agents in their saliva which might be entomologically important, provide useful tools for platelet studies, and be of potential therapeutic interest.
在采采蝇（Glossina morsitans）唾液腺的盐提取物中已鉴定出两种血小板聚集抑制剂。一种蛋白质组分（分子量大于30000）可抑制对ADP的初级和次级聚集、对肾上腺素的次级聚集以及对胶原蛋白的聚集。它还能使由ADP和肾上腺素刺激的血小板解聚。这些特性可用ADP水解活性来解释。一种先前鉴定出的抗凝血酶组分（分子量11000 - 13000）可消除凝血酶诱导的聚集。当用作富含血小板血浆的唯一抗凝剂或添加到枸橼酸化的富含血小板血浆中时，与在枸橼酸盐中的聚集相比，它不影响血小板对ADP、肾上腺素或胶原蛋白的聚集。这些结果不支持以下假设：（i）凝血酶在其他激动剂诱导的血小板聚集中起重要作用；（ii）血小板次级聚集是由枸橼酸盐诱导的假象。有人提出，这些抑制剂在进食过程中维持口器和嗉囊通畅方面可能很重要。它们的发现表明，其他节肢动物唾液中可能也有抗血小板剂，这在昆虫学上可能很重要，可为血小板研究提供有用工具，并且具有潜在的治疗意义。
