Bohman M
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1978 Mar;35(3):269-76. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1978.01770270019001.
The state criminal records and official registers of alcoholics were used in a study of 2,000 adoptees and their biological and adoptive parents. The frequency of registration for the adoptees were approximately the same as for the population in general, but for the biological parents it was two to three times greater. Very few adoptive parents appeared in the records. It is conceivable that to a large extent adoption neutralized the "social heritage" from the biological parents. There was, however, a significant correlation in the records between alcoholism in biological parents and in their adopted-out sons. On the other hand, the criminal records showed no such correlation between biological parents and their children. These results support the hypothesis that there is a genetic explanation for the development of alcoholism, but not for the manifestation of criminality.
在一项针对2000名被收养者及其生身父母和养父母的研究中，使用了州犯罪记录和酗酒者官方登记册。被收养者的登记频率与一般人群大致相同，但生身父母的登记频率则高出两到三倍。记录中很少出现养父母。可以想象，收养在很大程度上抵消了来自生身父母的“社会遗传”。然而，记录显示生身父母的酗酒问题与他们被收养的儿子之间存在显著相关性。另一方面，犯罪记录显示生身父母与他们的孩子之间不存在这种相关性。这些结果支持了这样一种假设，即酗酒的发展有遗传方面的解释，但犯罪行为的表现并非如此。
