Feigal R J, Jensen M E, Mensing C A
Pediatrics. 1981 Sep;68(3):416-9.
Cariogenicity of seven commonly prescribed liquid medications was studied. Sucrose content of the medications ranged from 0 to 70 gm/100 ml. Initial pH and buffering capacity were measured and found to vary widely among the medications. Intraoral microbial plaque pH changes were determined at intervals for 30 minutes following an oral rinse with each medication. These data were compared with plaque pH changes caused by rinsing with an established cariogenic challenge, 10% sucrose solution. Decreased plaque pH was caused by each medication tested. The extent and duration of the pH drop varied among the medications. Patterns of the pH curves are discussed in relation to sucrose content, endogenous pH, and buffering capacity of the medications. Intraoral pH response to several medications equaled or exceeded that seen when sucrose rinses alone were given. The findings are discussed in relation to dental caries-producing potential of long-term therapy with liquid medications, and two cases are presented that implicate liquid medications as a major etiologic factor leading to rampant dental decay. It is concluded that health practitioners should be aware of the sucrose content of pediatric medications. Patient education to ensure adequate oral clearance following each dose of medication is an essential first step in minimizing the risk of dental decay posed by long-term therapy with liquid medications.
研究了七种常用液体药物的致龋性。这些药物的蔗糖含量在0至70克/100毫升之间。测量了初始pH值和缓冲能力，发现不同药物之间差异很大。在每次用每种药物漱口后，每隔一段时间测定口腔内微生物菌斑的pH值变化，持续30分钟。将这些数据与用既定的致龋刺激物10%蔗糖溶液漱口引起的菌斑pH值变化进行比较。每种测试药物都会导致菌斑pH值下降。pH值下降的程度和持续时间因药物而异。讨论了pH曲线模式与药物的蔗糖含量、内源性pH值和缓冲能力的关系。几种药物引起的口腔内pH值反应等于或超过单独用蔗糖漱口时的反应。结合液体药物长期治疗产生龋齿的可能性对研究结果进行了讨论，并给出了两个病例，表明液体药物是导致猖獗龋齿的主要病因。得出的结论是，医疗从业者应了解儿科药物的蔗糖含量。患者教育以确保每次服药后口腔得到充分清洁是将液体药物长期治疗带来龋齿风险降至最低的重要第一步。
