Zechman F W, Wiley R L, Davenport P W
Respir Physiol. 1981 Jul;45(1):111-20. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(81)90053-0.
Previous studies of the latencies for the detection of inspiratory resistive (R) and elastic (E) loads revealed that R loads were detected earlier in the loaded breath than E loads (Respir. Physiol. 34: 267--77, 1978). These results suggested that the load information generated by R and E loads have different temporal patterns. We hypothesized that these differences might provide a mechanism for subjects to accurately discriminate between R and E loads and secondly, that the R and E load sensations perceived by subjects should have different temporal characteristics. To test these hypotheses we studied six healthy subjects in a two-part study. In this first, two levels of R and E loads (near threshold and 4--5 times threshold) were randomly presented for single inspirations separated by 3--6 unloaded breaths for a total of 10 presentations each. Subjects indicated detection and type of load perceived by pressing R or E marker buttons. In the second part, using the same loading protocol, subjects squeezed a hand grip dynamometer to express the pattern of perceived load sensation. Results indicate that subjects cannot discriminate between near-threshold R and E load but can discriminate between R and E loads 4--5 times threshold with considerable accuracy. Mean grip responses show that perceived load sensations arise earlier and reach maximum values sooner during R loaded breaths. Grip responses are consistent with the previously reported differences in R and E detection latencies and support the hypothesis that load discrimination is mediated by differences in the temporal pattern of load information generated during R and E loaded breaths.
先前关于检测吸气阻力（R）和弹性（E）负荷潜伏期的研究表明，在负荷呼吸中，R负荷比E负荷更早被检测到（《呼吸生理学》34: 267 - 277，1978年）。这些结果表明，由R和E负荷产生的负荷信息具有不同的时间模式。我们假设，这些差异可能为受试者准确区分R和E负荷提供一种机制，其次，受试者所感知到的R和E负荷感觉应该具有不同的时间特征。为了验证这些假设，我们在一项分为两部分的研究中对六名健康受试者进行了研究。在第一部分中，随机呈现两种水平的R和E负荷（接近阈值和阈值的4 - 5倍），用于单次吸气，每次吸气之间间隔3 - 6次无负荷呼吸，每种负荷共呈现10次。受试者通过按下R或E标记按钮来表明检测到的负荷及其类型。在第二部分中，使用相同的负荷方案，受试者挤压手握式测力计以表达所感知到的负荷感觉模式。结果表明，受试者无法区分接近阈值的R和E负荷，但能够以相当高的准确性区分阈值4 - 5倍的R和E负荷。平均握力反应表明，在R负荷呼吸期间，所感知到的负荷感觉出现得更早且更快达到最大值。握力反应与先前报道的R和E检测潜伏期差异一致，并支持这样的假设，即负荷辨别是由R和E负荷呼吸期间产生的负荷信息时间模式差异介导的。
