Mehrotra M L, Gautam K D, Chaube C K
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 Sep;124(3):239-44. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1981.124.3.239.
In two 4.5-month regimens and one 3-month regimen the four most potent antituberculous drugs (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and streptomycin) were given for the initial 3 months of chemotherapy. Acceptance by the patients was high, and bacillary sterilization was achieved in 96% of cases within 2 months. Addition of a fifth drug, ethionamide, during the initial 3 months was neither acceptable nor useful. No relapses were observed during a 12-month follow-up period after completion of the 4.5-month regimens. A relapse rate of 5% followed the 3-month regimen. The toxicity and side effects of antituberculous drugs were observed in 16% of patients during the initial 3-month period. In 3.4% of patients, toxicity necessitated cessation of treatment. In the remaining 13% of patients, adverse side effects could be managed without cessation of treatment. Even when patients were ambulatory and outpatient attendance was required for drug administration, the noncompliance rate was only approximately 10%. With the current over-all cost of drugs being limited to 100 United States dollars, the patients with moderately extensive disease must be treated for 100 days, or a maximum of 100 doses.
在两种为期4.5个月的治疗方案和一种为期3个月的治疗方案中，四种最有效的抗结核药物（异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺和链霉素）在化疗的最初3个月使用。患者的接受度很高，96%的病例在2个月内实现了细菌清除。在最初3个月期间添加第五种药物乙硫酰胺既不可接受也无用处。在完成4.5个月的治疗方案后的12个月随访期内未观察到复发情况。3个月治疗方案后的复发率为5%。在最初3个月期间，16%的患者出现了抗结核药物的毒性和副作用。3.4%的患者因毒性需要停止治疗。其余13%的患者的不良副作用无需停止治疗即可得到控制。即使患者可走动且需要门诊给药，不依从率也仅约为10%。鉴于目前药物的总体费用限制在100美元，中度广泛疾病的患者必须接受100天的治疗，或最多100剂药物治疗。
