Christiansen J S
Diabetes Care. 1978 May-Jun;1(3):146-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.1.3.146.
In order to evaluate a possible relation between cigarette smoking and prevalence of diabetic microangiopathy, a series of 180 consecutive patients suffering from insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus with different durations of disease (60 patients each with diabetes for 10 to 19 years, 20 to 29 years, and 30 to 39 years, respectively) were examined for clinical signs of retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy. The results were compared with the patients' previous and actual smoking habits. Cigarette smoking was defined as daily smoking of at least ten cigarettes for one year or more. Smoking habits of the total diabetic sample were not significantly different from those of a nondiabetic control sample. However, a decline in the number of cigarette smokers and a rising number of ex-smokers were noted with increasing duration of diabetes. In comparing smokers and nonsmokers, no difference was found in the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy, background retinopathy, and proliferative retinopathy. However, the prevalence of nephropathy (persistent proteinuria) was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) among these patients who were or had been cigarette smokers. Thus, cigarette smoking might be considered a risk factor for the development of diabetic nephropathy.
为了评估吸烟与糖尿病微血管病变患病率之间的可能关系，我们对连续的180例胰岛素依赖型青少年发病的糖尿病患者进行了检查，这些患者病程各异（分别有60例糖尿病病程为10至19年、20至29年和30至39年），检查内容包括视网膜病变、肾病和周围神经病变的临床体征。将结果与患者既往及实际吸烟习惯进行比较。吸烟定义为每日吸烟至少10支且持续1年以上。糖尿病样本总体的吸烟习惯与非糖尿病对照样本无显著差异。然而，随着糖尿病病程延长，吸烟者数量下降，戒烟者数量上升。比较吸烟者和非吸烟者，周围神经病变、背景性视网膜病变和增殖性视网膜病变的患病率无差异。然而，在这些目前吸烟或曾经吸烟的患者中，肾病（持续性蛋白尿）的患病率显著更高（p<0.05）。因此，吸烟可能被视为糖尿病肾病发生的一个危险因素。
