Russo D C, Cataldo M F, Cushing P J
J Appl Behav Anal. 1981 Fall;14(3):209-22. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1981.14-209.
The present study investigated the use of a compliance-training procedure and its effect on untreated deviant child behaviors. Three children, each generally noncompliant to adult requests and with several additional problems, such as crying, aggression, and self-injurious behavior, were trained in the compliance procedure under a multiple-baseline design across therapists. Compliance was defined as the correct response to prespecified requests. Other classes of deviant child behavior were measured continuously throughout the study but not directly reinforced. The results of the study showed that (a) increases in compliance to requests were directly related to the contingencies employed; (b) decreases in untreated deviant behaviors occurred when compliance increased, even though no direct contingencies had been placed on these behaviors; and (c) the relationship between untreated deviant behaviors and compliance appeared to be maintained by a different set of events in each of the three children. The results are discussed in terms of behavioral covariation and generalization.
本研究调查了一种依从性训练程序的使用及其对未治疗的偏差儿童行为的影响。三名儿童，每人通常对成人的要求不依从，还有一些其他问题，如哭闹、攻击行为和自伤行为，在跨治疗师的多基线设计下接受依从性程序训练。依从性被定义为对预先指定要求的正确反应。在整个研究过程中持续测量其他类别的偏差儿童行为，但不直接强化。研究结果表明：(a) 对要求的依从性增加与所采用的应急措施直接相关；(b) 当依从性增加时，未治疗的偏差行为减少，尽管这些行为没有直接的应急措施；(c) 在三个孩子中，每个孩子未治疗的偏差行为与依从性之间的关系似乎由不同的一组事件维持。从行为共变和泛化的角度对结果进行了讨论。
